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Porsche guna teknologi bola golf untuk menjadikan kereta lebih laju!

aerodinamik bola golf thumb

TAHUKAH anda, bola golf yang anda biasa lihat, ya, yang berwarna putih itu, mempunyai elemen aerodinamik yang membolehkan kereta sports menjadi lebih laju?

Baik, jom ambil Porsche 718 Cayman sebagai kajian kita hari ini, lebih tepat lagi 718 Cayman biasa dan 718 Cayman GT4.

Dari segi rupa luaran, dua Porsche ini nampak serupa, tetapi sebenarnya ada perbezaan ketara untuk aspek aerodinamik. Salah satunya adalah pattern permukaan bola golf di bawah splitter depan.

Perbandingan aerodinamik Cayman dan Cayman GT4

Bahagian belakang 718 Cayman biasa (kiri) dan Cayman GT4 (kanan.

Porsche 718 Cayman GT4 mempunyai wing lebih besar dari yang ada pada Cayman ‘biasa’. Kedua-dua aerodinamik bertujuan mengurangkan drag atau daya seretan.

Pada 718 Cayman biasa, ianya bertujuan mengurangkan lift atau daya angkat (terhasil secara semulajadi apabila kereta melepasi kelajuan tertentu).

Tetapi pada 718 Cayman GT4, aerodinamik padanya direka agak memaksimakan downforce atau daya tekan. Daya ini akan bertambah apabila kereta mencapai kelajuan lebih tinggi

Sebagai perbandingan, 718 Cayman GTS mempunyai berat 1,467kg. Tetapi pada kelajuan maksima, beratnya berkurangan kerana udara yang melalui permukaan badan akan membentuk lift (daya angkat).

Cayman GT4 pula mempunyai berat 1,486kg, tetapi jika anda ‘timbang’ kereta ini pada kelajuan maksima, beratnya akan bertambah kira-kira 145kg. Ini kerana udara di sekeliling kereta ‘menekan’ ia ke bawah (downforce).

Daya tekanan ke bawah ini bermakna GT4 mempunyai cengkaman lebih tinggi, membolehkannya mengambil selekoh dengan lebih laju dan stabil, serta membrek dengan jarak lebih pendek.

GT4 dan bola golf

Jadi, bagaimana Porsche mendapatkan perbezaan aerodinamik ini? Ada banyak cara, tetapi salah satunya adalah di splitter depan. Udara yang melaluinya akan terbahagi sama ada lalu di bawah atau di atas untuk memasuki ruang radiator.

Kita akan fokus pada kawasan ini sahaja, kerana di bawah splitter inilah terdapatnya sains bola golf. Panel yang menutupi bahagian bawah splitter Cayman GT4 ini mempunyai permukaan sama dengan bola golf.

Kenapa? Ini kerana mengikut ujian yang pernah dilakukan, permukaan dengan tekstur seperti bola golf ini mampu mengurangkan daya seretan.

Jadi, mengapa tidak semua kereta menggunakan permukaan ini? Ya, kerana pastilah badan kereta tidak cantik jika mempunyai permukaan berlekuk seperti ini.

Bahagian bawah VW Golf. Gambar oleh: Pelicanparts.com

Tetapi, rupanya ada beberapa model pernah menggunakannya sebagai contoh, barisan model Volkswagen generasi kelima. Ini termasuklah model, err…. Golf.

Bugatti juga menggunakan permukaan bola golf pada kereta mereka. Menurut Bugatti, “Jika anda ada dua biji bola golf – satu dengan permukaan tekstur, dan satu lagi tiada – kemudia anda pukul dengan impak yang sama, bola dengan tekstur itu akan pergi kira-kira dua kali ganda lebih jauh.”

Bagaimana tekstur bola golf ini bertindak balas dengan udara dan memberikan daya seretan lebih rendah? Anda boleh tonton penerangan Engineering Explained di bawah, bermula pada minit 3:38.

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